Which condition is characterized by a yellowish appearance of the eyes and skin due to a build-up of bilirubin?

The condition characterized by a yellowish appearance of the eyes and skin due to a build-up of bilirubin is jaundice. This occurs when there is an excess of bilirubin in the bloodstream, often resulting from liver dysfunction, hemolytic anemia, or bile duct obstructions. In healthy individuals, bilirubin is processed by the liver and excreted in bile; however, when this process is impaired, bilirubin accumulates in the tissues, leading to the distinctive yellow coloration known as jaundice.

Pallor refers to an abnormal paleness of the skin, typically associated with anemia or lack of blood flow. Cyanosis indicates a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes resulting from low oxygen levels in the blood. Erythema involves redness of the skin often due to increased blood flow, commonly seen in inflammatory or allergic responses. Each of these conditions presents with different skin colorations and underlying causes, distinguishing jaundice specifically as the condition associated with yellowing due to bilirubin.