What is vitiligo?

Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by the loss of pigment, resulting in uneven skin coloration. This occurs when melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing melanin (the pigment that gives skin, hair, and eyes their color), are either destroyed or stop functioning. The areas of skin that lose melanin become lighter than surrounding areas, creating a contrast in skin tone. This condition can affect people of all skin types and is not caused by any infectious agents, as it is an autoimmune disorder where the body mistakenly attacks its own cells.

In understanding the condition, it is essential to recognize that vitiligo is not a skin infection, like bacterial infections, nor is it a form of acne resulting from blocked pores or an allergic reaction. Instead, it fundamentally alters skin pigmentation and can have various emotional and psychological impacts on individuals due to changes in appearance.