What is the role of keratinocytes in the skin?

Keratinocytes play a crucial role in the integumentary system by producing keratin, which is a fibrous protein essential for the structural integrity and protective functions of the skin. Keratin acts as a barrier against environmental hazards such as pathogens, chemicals, and physical abrasions. This protective function is vital for maintaining skin health and preventing excessive water loss, thereby contributing to overall homeostasis in the body.

While other cells in the skin, such as melanocytes, are responsible for producing melanin, which gives skin its color and protects against UV radiation, keratinocytes are specifically focused on keratin production. The formation of blood vessels is the primary function of different cell types within the dermis, not keratinocytes. Therefore, the significant contribution of keratinocytes in producing keratin underscores their importance in skin health and defense mechanisms.