What is the primary function of sebaceous glands?

The primary function of sebaceous glands is to secrete oil, specifically sebum, that lubricates and waterproofs the skin. This oil plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier by preventing moisture loss and protecting against external elements. Sebum helps to keep the skin supple and soft, reducing the likelihood of dryness and irritation. Additionally, it has antimicrobial properties that can help protect the skin surface from certain pathogens.

While other structures in the integumentary system contribute to thermoregulation, sensation, and protection against infections, it is the sebaceous glands that are specifically responsible for the lubrication and waterproofing aspect of the skin through oil secretion.